c0de
Vassal
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the tale does not lead me to believe that agriculturalism began with the fall, only that it became hard work afterwards. The serpant (the one who did the devil's work) is deemed "cursed above all livestock", so Adam and Eve must also have kept livestock, whether for meat or for milk, eggs or honey.
??? Pastoralism is a branch of agriculture.
Two words: private propertyI see no reason to suppose that agriculturalism is or was any less innocent than hunter gathering.
In a world of finite resources, it is problematic almost by definition
We're not talking about the Australian outback. We're talking about a place where agriculture was possible.I do not perceive the two ways of life as neccessarily in conflict. There are environments to this day where agriculture is not feasible: eg. There is plenty of space in the Australian outback wher only hunter gatherers can survive
"Motive" ? ... well, let me put it this way:I do not think hunter gatherers were the problem for early societies. They lack the social organisation and sheer numbers to be considered a serious threat. The idea that settled communities would go out of their way to eliminate them makes no sense either. What would be their motive?
Do you know why modern Europeans are not lactose intolerant? Even though the more primitive inhabitants of Europe were lactose intolerant? Because modern Europeans didn't actually come from Europe. They migrated more recently, from the Middle East. People from the middle east, who had domesticated cows and goats had gotten used to milk. Slowly, they started advancing their settlements in Europe and came into contact with the more primitive cultures. But what happened to the older inhabitants?
We don't actually know for sure... but the results of that encounter are clear. The older, less advanced culture was wiped out and replaced. That's just how the world works. Finding rational "motivations" in history, is a waste of time.
Well, there you go.However, the Steppes of Russia and Mongolia produced both herdsmen and raiders, and I think that this is where the conflict arose. They did have both the numbers and the means to pose a threat to agriculturalists and hunter gatherers alike by stealing crops or livestock which they themselves did not invest time and energy in gathering or rearing. There is evidence that this was an issue in the Hymns of Zoroaster/Zarathrustra dating to about 1500-1700BC:
I ask you, O Ahura, about the punishment for the evil-doer who delegates power to the deceitful one and who does not find a livelihood without injury to the cattle and men of undeceiving herdsman. (Gatha 41)
How many instances do you know where an advanced culture came into contact with primitive one and both got along? Certainly not in North America.
Ask the lactose intolerant Europeans, who probably attempted to steal the crops and domesticated cattle of the newcomers, and ended up paying with their own extinction.In a time when there was no law, who was going to declare theft to be wrong, much less put a stop to it?