Surely this can only be the manifestation of a mental illness, no matter who or how many engage in it?
Well 'this' is a broad term. Asceticism has always been regarded as a virtue in every culture, but within that, there are always those who take things to an extreme.
However, there is every good reason to practice asceticism, but not a form that regards the physical body as, somehow, the 'enemy'.
I disagree with Nick's view, however ... all the evidence points to such conditions being the result of a negative body image, not anger at another turned inward, but disgust at the self, conditioned by society.
The reasoning depends on the context — but the tendency is highlighted in many religious traditions — the fakirs of the Asiatic continent seem still today to be engaged in pointless exercises in self-mortification, and in my own tradition we have a 'rich'
eek:
) heritage, from the stylites in the Greek East, to the flagellant monks in the Medieval era (and still, in stylised form, today) ...
In the 'modern west' this practice has moved into the cultural context, and the negative body image that underpins a whole raft of disorders (anorexia nervosa, self-harming, etc.,) has taken a grip greater than any religious expression before it. The number of young, both men and women, who suffer is significant, and increasing ... whilst many blame the media for their presentation of the ideal, the gym-fit guy and the stick-thin girl, the problem is in fact rooted deeper than that.
In my view, not until we recover an authentic sense of nature and the natural as being 'good' (as the Bible, for example, stresses many times), then we will continue to suffer these and other new and equally damaging expressions of negative body image.
As an aside, when casting 'Band of Brothers', the majority of extras were English because the crew could not find enough American actors that looked authentic — too many work out and have sculpted bodies that were unimagined in the 1940s! So they came looking for scrawny Brits!
God bless,
Thomas