Hi Terrence.
Terrence said:
1. In John 8:21-59 Jesus repeatedly claims the divine name "I AM" for Himself. The Jews understood that He was calling Himself God and wanted to stone Him for blasphemy (cf. John 5:18, 8:59, 10:30-36). Why did the Jews seek to stone Jesus if He wasn't claiming to be God, especially since execution by stoning was reserved by Jewish Law for only a few crimes?
It is a mistake to assume that "I AM" is a name of God. This is based on the KJV rendering of Exodus 3:14. But the Greek Septuagint renders this verse as 'ego eimi ho on,' which means 'I am the being.' So if John was actually quoting this verse from Exodus, he would have surely used this and not just ego eimi. You should consider also that others, not just Jesus, are quoted as saying ego eimi in John. In John 9:9, the blind man uses this expression, saying 'I am [he],' does this means he's claiming to be God? Of course not.
So how should the present tense ego eimi be understood at John 8:58?
Note what J. H. Moulton's Grammar of New Testament Greek states: "The Present which indicates the continuance of an action during the past and up to the moment of speaking is virtually the same as Perfective, the only difference being that the action is conceived as still in progress (Burton § 17).It is frequent in the NT: Luke 2:48; 13:7; 15:29; Jn 5:6; 8:58; 14:9; 15:27; Acts 15:21; 26:31; 2 Cor.12:19,2 Ti.3:18; 2 Pt.3:4; 1 Jn 2:9;3:8."
See how he includes John 8:58 in this category? This would mean that a complete translation of Jesus' quote would say something like what the American Translation, by Edgar Goodspeed, says, "I existed before Abraham was born!"
What accounts for the Jews' response? Read the context. They had just claimed, "You are not fifty years old, and have you seen Abraham?" (Vs. 57) Jesus then responds that he existed before Abraham, meaining he is older than Abraham, which would make him something more than human, though not necessarily God.
You are correct that at John 5:18 the Jews' accuse Jesus of implying that he was "making himself equal with God," but note Jesus' response:
John 5:19 (New International Version)
"Jesus gave them this answer: 'I tell you the truth, the Son can do nothing by himself; he can do only what he sees his Father doing, because whatever the Father does the Son also does."
Now does that sound like Jesus is equal to his God and Father? It sure sounds like he's arguing against that claim to me. Remember that the opposing Jews made many
untrue claims about Jesus and his teachings. Eventually they used these false claims to put him to death.
Terrence said:
2.Colossians 1:15-17 means that Christ created everything, would you agree or disagree?
Well, the Greek word for "all" can easily carry the implied word "other" if the context demands it. This can be clearly seen in Matthew 26:35 and elsewhere.
Matthew 26:35 (New International Version)
"But Peter declared, 'Even if I have to die with you, I will never disown you.' And all the other disciples said the same."
Now obviously, the NIV translators could have left out the implied word "other" here, and it would make little difference, Peter would still be a disciple himself. The addition of "other" just helps draw attention to the fact that Peter is a disciple and "all" is not absolute. We have the same situation in Colossians.
In Colossians 1:15, Jesus is called the "firstborn of creation." Whenever "firstborn" is used in Scripture followed by a genitival construction, in this case "of creation," the firstborn is
always a member of the group in which he/it is firstborn. So simply stated, Jesus is "of creation," a member of creation himself. In the following verses it says that "all things" are created by means of him, but just as Peter wasn't excluded from being a disciple just because he is mentioned separate from '
all the disciples,' neither is Jesus excluded from being the "firstborn of creation" here. "All" shouldn't be taken as rigidly absolute.
Furthermore, 1 Corinthians 8:6 makes the fine distinction that it is the Father "
out of whom all things are" and the Son "
through whom all things are." The Father, Jehovah, is the source of creation, while the Son, Jesus, is an agent in the creation of things.
Terrence said:
3. I know you believe that there are false gods. That being the case, read John 1:1 and tell me if Christ is the "true" God or a "false" God. If Jesus is a "true God," how do you explain that Jehovah God commands us to have no other God besides Him (Ex. 20:3). Christ is either the One True God, or He is a false god (cf. Isa. 43:10; 44:6-8; John 17:3; 1 Cor. 8:4; 1 Tim. 2:5; James 2:19).
Your premise is faulty. You say that there are only two options, "true" and "false." According to this, Jesus' being "the true light" would make the apostles, who are the "light of the world," 'false light.' (John 1:9; Matt. 5:14) Moses would be a 'false' god. (Ex. 7:1) And so on.
You see, we are commanded to have no other God but Jehovah, the Father, who is "the only true God." (John 17:1,3) But this does not mean that his servants, who have
relative god-like powers and authority given to them by Jehovah, cannot be called gods in a
relative sense. They are not false gods because they are not in opposition to the "true God," Jehovah.
Jesus is described as a "Mighty God," but
only Jehovah is referred to as the Almighty God. (Isa. 9:6) This would suggest that his godship is indeed relative to his Father's.
Terrence said:
How do you explain Thomas calling Jesus God and Jesus accepting His worship rathering that correcting his supposed blasphemy?
Well how should we interpret John 20:28; should we understand that it means Jesus is the "only true God?" John himself gives us the proper interpretation just three verses later.
John 20:31 (New International Version)
"But these are written that you may believe the Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that by believing you may have life in his name."
So we are not meant to understand Jesus as "God the Son," but the "Son of God." If Thomas' entire exclamation was meant to reference Jesus only, then it still must be understood in a
relative sense.
I hope this was a helpful starting point to get some answers to your questions.
TJ