This is what makes Paul's ideology controversial. Is Reform Judaism right, or is Orthodox Judaism right? Orthodox Jews accept and obey halakha. Reform Jews accept it but don't believe they need to follow it.
All Jews are right, whether they are Reform, Conservative or Orthodox. They all accept Halakha, which is Jewish law. I do too, as long as it walks hand-in-hand with the Tanach as it does. In the case of Paul, this was no longer Jewish when he decided to found Christianity, a Hellenistic faith. (Acts 11:26)
Neglecting the things you've said that make you sound like a Karaite or Sadducee, I take it you're an Orthodox Jew. -- or maybe you're ultra-Orthodox?
Why Karaite or Sadduacee? On what sense you suppose they were different? That Karaites did rejected midrashim that were interpreted against the Tanach? So, do I. Midrashim are parable-like. They must walk hand-in-hand with the Scriptures. And why Sadducees, that they did not believe in bodily resurrection? Who among the Jews believed in bodily resurrection, the Pharisees? Nonsense! Paul was too cunny. He said so because he was in trouble before the Sanhedrin and invented that idea for posterity. Perhaps he himself did not know the difference between bodily resurrection and the metaphorical one.
Different people in early Christianity had a different interpretation of the death of Jesus. The Jerusalem Church probably interpreted it as meaning that they should follow either Jesus' own teachings or the teachings of Beit Hillel.
There was no contradiction between the teaching of Beit Hillel and that of Jesus. Jesus was of the same line of thought and interpretation.
For the Jerusalem Church, Jesus' death had a similar meaning to what the heavenly voice (Bat Kol) said when it declared, "these and these are the words of the living God, but the Halakha follows the rulings of Beit Hillel."
There was never such a thing as Jerusalem Church. Paul was never able to raise a church in Israel or Jerusalem for that matter. In Jerusalem was the headquarters of the Nazarenes, in whose leadership was James, the brother of Jesus. And they were not Christians. Christians started with Paul in Antioch about 35 years after Jesus had been gone. (Acts 11:26)
Jesus' death set the Nazarenes free from having to follow the teachings of Beit Shammai so they could follow teachings similar to Beit Hillel. This would have been the equivalent of today's Orthodox Jewish ideology.
Jesus' death set only himself free from the daily struggles of life.
Paul went further than that. Paul's interpretation was that halakha wasn't that important anymore.
I know that. His interpretation was that the whole Law was not important anymore. Even the Catalogue. See Romans 7:7. He was referring to the Catalogue when he taught about freedom from the Law.
It was not license to sin, but rather it was an acknowledgement that others could also be "righteous" apart from Jewish halakha.
No one can be righteous apart from God's Law. That's what shows what man has done wrong, and grants life with repentance.
Jewish halakha did not have a monopoly on righteousness or morality. Gentiles too had a sense of morality.
Really! What sense of morality had the Greeks? For them homosexuality was the most common and natural thing to be practiced. What sense of morality was that? Paul was a Hellenistic Jew; when he found out in the Jewish laws that homosexuality was a sinful condition, it became like a thorn in his flesh, if you read Romans 7:13-25. Since he could not get rid of repressed homosexual feelings, he made of himself an exception to the rule that one cannot serve two masters. He decided that it was possible to serve God in his mind and sin in his flesh. (Rom. 7:25)
Jewish halakha could be discarded if a person could substitute it with a different but equivalent system of ethics.
Bingo! You are right, because that's exactly what Paul did in Romans 7:25.
Notions of sin and righteousness had their equivalent in foreign cultures, which had different ways of expressing it. It was not a dismissal of halakha, but a way of justifying the idea that it was interchangeable with something else. Paul's position was the equivalent of today's Reform Judaism.
Here you err for not knowing anything about Reform Judaism. Reform Judaism is only an example of liberal Judaism. Paul's position was the one to condescend with a sinful condition if it became a thorn in one's flesh.
I have no idea how Catholics see this -- I got the impression from some documentary I saw recently that the Catholic Church actually explores the dispute/conflict between Peter and Paul and Peter had different views on Jewish Law than did Paul.
Here, we are of the same mind. Peter had indeed a very much different view of Jewish Law than did Paul. And how!
Ben