Hi Chris —
In your mind, is it at all important whether or not Jesus was in actuality the Jewish messiah?
That's a great question, so allow me two answers, one the 'orthodox line' and the other my own 'insight' and inspiration' in response to your question — which means it might be way off the mark, I haven't had time to research it yet, or it might be something that has been discussed at length by theologians, and I've never come across it (the main reason for doing the degree)...
Or it might be, and this is highly unlilkely, a 'new' view, in which case it's mine, so hands off, although I will credit you with a dedication and a cup of coffee when it streaks across the publishing firmament like a new Harry Potter ... or perhaps an alternative and orthodox Da Vinci Code ... anyway ...
Orthodox view.
Yes it is. Absolutely. The key to Mark's Gospel is the 'Messianic Secret', and the core of Matthew's are the Parables of the Kingdom — and the 'secret' fact that the Kingdom is here, now, walking and talking — and Jesus is its King. The same in Luke, the same, explicitly, in John ... Jesus is the Incarnate Word.
The paradox of Mark and the Messianic Secret is why does Jesus continually perform public miracles, and then swear everyone to secrecy? Because He knows as soon as He actually
claims He is the Messiah, He is a dead man, and He has certain things to accomplish before that hour comes.
That's what got Him killed, that was the only accusation the Sanhedrin could make stick: Are you the Son of the Living God? Not in any neo-gnostic sense but in a strict and orthodox Hebraic sense — specifically He who is prophesied in Daniel — to which Jesus answers quite simply: Yes. Then that was out-and-out blasphemy. He was condemned.
In Mark we know the Pharisees were plotting with the Sadducees to be rid of Him before He even began His public mission — He was preaching openly before He called the Apostles (I'm not giving Scripture refs for the sake of brevity — but can if anyone wants them). We know they were constantly trying to catch Him out, and they nearly managed to stone Him on one occassion, before He 'slipped away'...
Why? Why was He such a big deal in their eyes?
Because the prophets never claimed anything on their own authority, but Jesus was something else — He claimed the ability to heal, to perform miracles, to forgive sin ...
in His own name — that can only mean one thing: He has Divine Authority, God is not with Him, or in Him, He is God.
This was a radical break with tradition ... priests, prophets and kings don't operate like this, they always refer to God as the source of their authority, everything they do or say is in his name.
The miracles of Jesus are
not arbitary displays of power, nor are they only, as many assert, responses to the faith of the people — they are demonstrations, precise and without doubt, of who He knows Himself to be — He feeds the 5,000
in His own name, replicating a miracle performed by The Lord in the Scriptures ... He cures the sick, gives sight to the blind, restores the crippled, all
in His own name, He 'works' on the Sabbath because He is the Lord of the Sabbath, He raises the dead
in His own name because He is the Lord of Life.
He can forgive sin — that is He can dismiss an offence against God ...
... logically, only the one offended can forgive ... if someone offends you, someone else cannot say 'it doesn't matter, forget it' — someone else can say 'I know him, he's better than that, he won't hold it against you' but that isn't forgiving the offence, that's saying the offence will be forgiven. Jesus is explicit — He has the power to forgive.
As C.S. Lewis observed, He is either bad, mad, or God.
This marked Him out ... and this is one of the single most telling arguments against any notion of an invented Christ, or the Christ of the conspiracy theorist ... because if such was the case, the conspirators would not have concocted a tale that set them at odds with everyone and ensured their own deaths not that much longer after His. If they sought personal power, or financial gain, or the secret delight of having foisted a huge lie on an unwitting populace (in the spirit of 'Piltdown man', 'cold fusion' or 'The Hitler Diaries') they could have concocted the myth of a new prophet, and themselves the first generation of a prophetic brotherhood, and been accepted by the Temple authorities, the people, and the Roman administration.
The destruction of the Temple by the Romans would have played right into their hands, they could present Jesus as the new Jeremiah or Ezekiel, Elias or Isaiah (as there is evidence that the people thought He was inspired by that selfsame spirit of prophecy) He would be the voice of the new dispora, the new hope of a spiritual Israel ... and they could have taken that to the bank, they'd have ended their lives rich, fat and happy ...
But that was not the man whom they met, and witnessed, in the flesh.
So when He walked upon the water, a miracle witnessed only by the Apostles, He calmed the elements
in His own name ... He did not invoke God, but acted on His own authority, and again and again, in word and act, He asserted that everything God
is, He is also ... and they were gobsmacked, and could do nothing but say, 'Thou art the Son of the Living God."
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OK - personal speculation now ... again brief because it's all a bit of a jumble, and needs working through, but ...
If we look at Scripture, there is a marked turn in Jesus' ministry after the news of the death of John the Baptist. Prior to this, Jesus had instructed his disciples, and sent them out in pairs to teach, preach, and perform miracles. Then John is killed.
Now in the Synoptics, although (as we have discussed) historicity or chronology is not of prime importance, all three writers record the same series of events in the same order:
1 - The disciples are out and about, preaching.
2 - Word comes of the death of John the Baptist.
3 - Jesus calls his disciples together, and takes them off alone.
4 - The crowds follow.
5 - The feeding of the 5,000 — a significant miracle.
6 - The walking on the water — the undeniable evidence of Jesus' divinity, the Apostles are staggered and acknowledge His divine Sonship.
7- The first Prophecy of the Passion — He's revealing what lies in store for Him.
8 - The condition of following Christ — He's revealing what lies in store for them.
9 - The Transfiguration.
These last three, I think, mark a sea-change ... before the death of John, Jesus operates with a certain discretion (still active enough to get him on the '10 most wanted' list), even to His disciples, He is still within the function of a prophet, a good one, but just a prophet.
After John's murder, the mission kicks in, and in no uncertain fashion.
Now we could say Jesus has seen the writing on the wall ... John's gone, and He'll not be long behind, so into overdrive with his apocalyptic/eschatalogical message... the gloves are off, as it were ... and it's a race against time.
Or we could say something else — we could say that the Ministry of John the Baptist was the Ministry of the Holy Spirit, in preparation for the reception of the Son:
"The Spirit prepares man for the Son of God; the Son leads man to the Father; the Father gives man immortality ... Thus God was revealed: for in all these ways God the Father is displayed. The Spirit works, the Son fulfills His ministry, the Father approves..."
Irenaeus of Lyon,
Adversus Haereses, 4, 20, 4-6
"Through the Spirit man ascends to the Son, through the Son to the Father."
ibid. 5, 36, 2
Think about it:
John the Baptist was the son of Zacharias and Elisabeth, who was barren, and beyond child-bearing age (reminiscent of Abraham and Sarah in Genesis 17:17). His birth, name, and office were foretold by the angel Gabriel to Zacharias, a priest in the temple of Jerusalem.
So the birth of John is not 'normal'. I'm not saying his father is the Holy Spirit, nor does Scripture, Zacharias' paternity is never questioned, but affirmed, but the birth of John is according to the Divine Will.
Notably John recognized Jesus as the Messiah while in his mothers' womb — but only in the Spirit can we see the Son. This is evident in the Presentation in the Temple, when Luke states that the Holy Spirit was upon the devout Simeon, and present to the prophetess Anna, hence the
nunc dimittis of Simeon, which we pray every day:
"Now thou dost dismiss thy servant, O Lord,
according to thy word in peace;
Because my eyes have seen thy salvation,
Which thou hast prepared before the face of all peoples:
A light to the revelation of the Gentiles,
and the glory of thy people Israel.
Luke 2:29-32
John baptises. At the baptism of Jesus, we have a Revelation of the Holy Trinity, the Voice in the Cloud, the Son, and the Dove, "This is my Son, the Beloved... ", repeated at the Transfiguration, "This is my Son, the Beloved..." and again, made manifest at Pentecost when the Paraclete, as tongues of flame, descended on the Disciples.
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I think that Jesus, although fulfilling His mission, was actually training his disciples, equipping them for 'the hour' that He and they must face, which would not come until the time was right, and which would be signalled by the
departure of the Holy Spirit as one acting independently, whose job it was to prepare the way ('make straight the way of the Lord' was John's mission, echoing Isaiah).
It's notable also that John is preaching whilst Jesus lives in apparent anonymity. Jesus is baptised by John, and is led 'by the Holy Spirit' into the desert, to be tested. When He returns, the Baptist is under arrest.
So I'm saying that Jesus
is actually the Messiah that was prophesied, but that the Jewish expectation was of a man to fulfill a noble destiny, as had always been the case ... they expected the 'Son of Man' as is commonly spoken of in their Scriptures — a prophet — what they got was the Son of Man as signified by Daniel, not at all what they were expecting.
That's why Jesus used this title of Himself often — Son of Man is obscure in its meaning and it allowed Him to refer to Himself without voicing an outright blasphemy, but without deceiving His audience ... those who were open to the Holy Spirit, then and now, would see and know the true implication of the title.
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I've veered away from certain other notions as I write, and perthaps have followed them too far in answering your question ... but 'Messiah' means anointed:
"In the name of Christ ('the Anointed') is implied the anointer, the anointed and the unction. The Father is the anointer; the Son, the anointed; the Holy Spirit the unction."
Irenaeus of Lyon,
Adversus Haereses, 3, 18, 3
Thomas