God of obedience or God of Recognition?

Devadatta to Thomas, over.

Hi Thomas. First of all, I very much appreciate your taking the trouble to fully respond to my post.

Your fundamental point is clearly stated: I’m misreading scripture, being an outsider. Of course, if that’s true then I’m bound to misread you – so there’s the explanation of why you held fire up to this point! Then again, can you truly read me, that is, without the commentaries, annotations and hermeneutics of my mother-in-law, my children and my local grocer?

All frivolity aside – and you must know what a serious person I am – this issue of insider/outsider points of view was pretty fully framed in my discussions with BB in the Tilting at Windmills Redux thread. It comes down to a question of tact. To the extent a perspective – inside or outside – has any validity at all it should be weighed fairly in its context. Now, this thread was started in “Belief and Spirituality”, and unless the Christian imperium extends over this garden as well, then one should not here be limited to a Christian perspective. Now, I know you are not claiming the contrary, but your somewhat over-easy dismissal of my perspective as “misreading” does suggest to me at least a failure in tact, similar to a few other posters who have some difficulty in stepping out of their Judeo-Christian shoes. On the other hand, you have paid me the respect of picking apart my arguments, which is tactful, and again much appreciated. So I count this issue a wash.

Before I get to your specific points, a few more words on this difficult notion of “misreading”. I’m sure you’re aware that all three Abrahamic faiths accuse the others of the misreading or deformation of scripture, and that there’s no ultimate way to choose between these variant (mis)readings except by faith, that no amount of rationalizing will turn the trick. So the charge of “misreading” in this context is a slippery one to make. There’s also, I feel a kind of Stockholm Syndrome of scriptural tradition; one can become captive of the text, or more importantly a certain reading of the text. This of course has great advantages. Within the tradition one has at one’s disposal a ready panoply of distinctions, categories, rhetorical devices. One doesn’t have to reinvent the wheel. On the other hand, I’m sure you can appreciate the disadvantages. One take the pointing finger as the moon, as Zen folks say. Also, where you habitually resort to authorities, I habitually go to parallels. These latter are only outré from inside the tradition; from the outside, they reflect the truth that nothing can be understood strictly in terms of itself. It must be compared with something else.

As to the specific points:

It should be noted that Scripture was never meant to stand alone, or be read uninstructed ... quite the reverse

I quite agree. I’ve said elsewhere that the bible is as far as one can get from being self-evident. Sola scriptura is an absurdity. On the other hand, there are many forms of instruction, aren’t there? And I maintain that other than traditionally sanctioned readings are possible and necessary. As a practical matter, of course, they always have and always will occur. Consider as well that the effects of the bible on world culture go far beyond any conception of orthodoxy. Think of those succession of potentates – from Charlemagne to George Bush – who think of themselves as part of the chosen nation, of fulfilling God’s mission on earth, but have little or no clue of the intricacies of theology on any level. The biblical cat is long out of the bag, along with its myriad “readings”. Orthodox readings are only a few among many.

As you say, Mesopotamian theologies do accentuate a requirement, even a dependency, of the gods upon man (the Epic of Gilgamesh illustrates this). The Hebrew Scriptures were a move away from this. One might argue that the move is incremental, but again it is implicit from the outset. Of course, Scripture will use such language because it addresses volative man, not the contemplative nor the gnostic

Ah, volative, contemplative, gnostic...what did I say about having all the categories close at hand. This is Catholic cool! However, you do leave the door open a crack when you say that the move away from a strictly authoritarian God was “incremental”. Here we’re in the same ballpark. We only differ perhaps on how complete this move has turned out to be. As you’re aware, my contention is that the biblical God has never quite escaped its origins, and that’s why regression is a frequent occurrence and a constant threat.

And yet he demands obedience above all – or at least appears to.
Yes, that's my point. He appears to, but appearances can be deceptive. This assumption undermines your whole argument. You've set up a paradigmatic principle by which to test the text, but the principle itself is false.

One of us is missing the point here – but I guess I’m duty-bound to say it’s not me. My point is that the theme of obedience is creatively transformed in the biblical account, that “obedience” is relocated, internalized and – rightly understood – made part of a more sophisticated game. The “appearance” nature of obedience is what so many literalist readings fail to recognize. This goes to my larger point: that the cult of obedience has always been alive and well, thank you very much, owing to this repeated failure of deeper understanding. You may call this the triumph of the volative over the contemplative or gnostic. I would say, as have many others, that the major cause is political: the pressures of imperial religion and ideological control.

Consider that while God demands obedience he makes disobedience impossible to avoid.
Such a God would be irrational. As God isn't, I'm afraid the logic of this statement is flawed. It might seem that way to you, but rest assured such is not the case.

Again, I’m suggesting no such thing. We’re simply speaking, as we both know, from different perspectives. As I said at the outset, when I use terms like these I’m speaking metaphorically. For me this is an etiological myth, which I don’t for a moment take literally. To logic chop here makes little sense from my perspective. It certainly doesn’t deal with the expressive truth of the metaphor. In fact, ultimately this logic chop doesn’t make sense from your point of view either, except perhaps at this rhetorical moment.

(continued below)
 
You seem to assume that discursive reasoning and cognitive ability are conditions subsequent of the Fall. They are not, nor do they necessarily separate us from the Real. In fact a close reading of the text will show that Adam and Eve display both prior to the Fall. Aquinas (13th c), and recently Lonergan (20th c), have shown the correct function of the cognitive ability. St Maximus the Confessor (6th c) discussed man's discursive faculty under the heading of 'gnomic will'.

Well, I hope I don’t come off as too “mystical” or irrational, but I do hold to an experiential perspective. In the end, so do you, I dare say. I’ve only read a little of your namesake (whom I do enjoy aesthetically, his comprehensiveness, his endless distinctions), but I think I’m safe in saying that while allowing a broad range for reason and re-purposing masses of Aristotle, Aquinas is pretty clear about its limits; the experience of God trumps all.

As for my roughly sketched cognitive model, I put it forward as I’ve said really as a suggestive counter-myth more than a scientific theory, but it does reflect the current broad consensus on human evolution that there are identifiable cognitive as well as anatomical stages in human evolution, that with early hominids, Homo habilis, Homo erectus, the anatomical and the cognitive appeared to go together, but that with so-called modern humans there was a decided lag. Anatomically, (so the story goes) modern human beings emerged from Africa roughly 100-140,000 years BP, but did not reveal evidence of modern cognitive abilities until roughly 45,000 years BP, perhaps in southwest Asia! (So there you go, perhaps evidence for your side!)

They revealed this cognitive abilities through not only vastly improved tool kits – my favourite is the invention of the eyed needle, and thus tailoring, clothes making the man – but through the comparatively rapid appearance of not only art, but great art, and developed religious traditions.
Now it only seems common sense to me that the emergence of these cognitive abilities and the attendant development of the ever more acute consciousness of separate self, has to represent a major difficulty of human adjustment, or dilemma, as I’ve said. Again, as I pointed out above here we have the realization of the infinitude of our desires and finitude of our means.
Let me throw in another analogy. North American native peoples historically have suffered terribly from the curse of alcoholism. Physiologically they lacked the enzymes (if I have this right) that Europeans had built up over centuries to break the stuff down. The human condition in general can be said to be akin to this: we’re drunk on consciousness, in varying degrees. And we’re still far from sobering up.

As for the parallel, with the biblical narrative, I take your point that I drew it over-simply. Let me try to do better. First, of all, the evolution of consciousness is incremental (like the evolution of God, as mentioned above), though no doubt subject to breakthroughs like all evolutionary developments, for example, the relatively abrupt emergence of so-called cognitively modern humans mentioned above. Narcissus probably did not fall in love with himself all at once; it took repeated reflections in the pond. So the question of the cognitive level of humans pre-fall, according to the bible, is not really the issue, although I think it’s highly debatable. What is certain according to the biblical account, is that humans experienced a decided rupture at the fall, and that this rupture entailed some change in consciousness.

But for me what is most important is that, again as I’ve already said, this rupture is moralized; that is, the biblical framework creates a drama of moral choice. This is what the literal narrative foregrounds, and that’s the emphasis your authorities follow, for obvious reasons; for this is as you rightly point out the core interest for the Abrahamic tradition, its defining mark.

What I’ve tried to point out is that this defining mark, this drama of moral choice, is but one episode in a larger drama of consciousness, which had to have been preceded by many other episodes, incremental or abrupt. The emphasis this episode is given is peculiar to the Abrahamic, especially the Christian, tradition. I agree that it’s integral. I don’t agree that it’s the deepest phase of spirituality.

So when you accuse me of superficiality when I posit the drama of consciousness, you really do miss the point; for in my view this is where the real profundity lies. In fact, I don’t believe you serve your cause all that well by wrapping yourself in the flag of the moral drama, and crying the wolf of superficiality. I think you’re giving up far too much to your rival brands.

But here we’re back to my original dichotomy obedience/re-cognition. You return again and again to the side of obedience. But a Christianity given over solely to what in my view is the “surface” drama would retain its political might but spiritually would be thin gruel. I don’t think that’s true of the broad spectrum of Christianity, so again I think you’re underselling your tradition here.

I don’t know if this will help, but take the parallel example of the Bhagavad Gita. It’s set in the middle of a tragic war; it’s set up as a drama of moral choice. That’s life; it entails war. Periodically, Arjuna, King David, Rambo are called upon to smite the evildoers. But it’s quickly obvious that this is not a drama of morality but of consciousness. Does this mean that this text and the tradition it represents are superior to the Abrahamic? Not at all. That I personally find its approach more resonant is all that I’ll affirm. No, the Abrahamic emphasis on the drama of moral choice is its great strength. But this emphasis becomes a great weakness, and danger, when it leads to the exclusion of what’s deeper and more universal.

Again, this is not the God of the Abrahamic Tradition. Desire does not exist in God as you suggest it.... Not at all. the summon bonum is not in the mutual recognition, the summun bonum is the 'end' to which creation is directed

I knew you were duty bound to react to my use of summum bonum! But you know as well as I do that the issue of the nature of the ultimately real and our relationship to it/him/her goes far beyond the scope of this thread. You also know that what you say here hardly sums up your Christian God, and the many other things you might say in a different setting. Personally, I’m sceptical of this clinging to theological distinctions, which far too often have no pragmatic use other than exercises in branding. So forgive me for any brand confusion I caused.

For me, as for you I trust, experience trumps doctrine.

Shanti.
 
Hmmm... the god of bribery. Or is this some sort of Zen stick in disguise?
OK, you've figured it out. The dark chocolate covered almonds were a sexist Zen stick, but the almond croissant and strong coffee was a token of my appreciation for a readily forgiving spirit. :rolleyes:
 
P.S. to Thomas, over.

I guess I can’t resist adding just a few more words – always a mistake.

Thomas writes:
Again, this is not the God of the Abrahamic Tradition. Desire does not exist in God as you suggest it. 'God is simple' is a favourite of the Fathers, God cannot be added to or subtracted from, not augmented or diminished, not increased or decreased ... so God has no needs, wants, desires ..

Okay, as you know this is God at a certain point of transcendance, a certain level of experience. It has parallels in other traditions, and when it comes down to this neither contradicts nor confirms either of our perspectives.

The idea of relationship between God and human beings is central to your tradition, and this relationship can be and is expressed in many different ways. The way you’re summing things up here cuts out a great deal of Christian theology. Or, let’s put it another way, it cuts out other ways of expressing this relationship which is less rigorous but still essential to the lives of many practicing Christians, for whom God grieves with their grief and joys with their joy.

Thomas writes:
Not at all. the summon bonum is not in the mutual recognition, the summun bonum is the 'end' to which creation is directed, and for man is met now in the coincidence of human will and the divine will, and in the end in the coming to fruition of the Kosmos in the fullness of time. I think this misses the point — free will is not an issue, free will is a given ... it's how we dispose ourselves according to that freedom ... do we seek the 'real good' in God, or the imaginary good of our own self-deception.

Okay, we can’t get any more clear than this, can we? This is the cult of obedience with a patina of scholasticism but fundamentally primitive, a worship of power and authority for its own sake. At least that’s my (mis)reading. Frankly, this perspective has always puzzled me. I freely admit: I just don’t get it. Every day I’m reminded I’m just one miniscule moment in the life of the universe. Every day I’m consoled by the direct experience of my interconnectedness with the larger whole. As long as the universe goes on “I” go on. Why do I need to bewail how small I am, and project fantasies of power on some sky god? (Not to say that life can’t be hard, that we don’t need various forms of consolation, of compasionate action, but authentic means are available.) Speaking from the heart, I’ve returned to this subject numerous times out of the sheer perplexity I feel in the face of these strange formative ideas of our culture. I hope (to God!) these are my last words on the topic.

However, I’m cognizant that many ordinary people, Christians among others, throughout history have managed to subvert this toxic narrative, transforming this master/slave model of the merely more powerful Will over the merely subject will, into a true identity of wills, into a reciprocal experience that expresses, like the Indian thou art that, the true (in my view) state of affairs.

God speed, Thomas. I trust your experience, not your words.
 
the summon bonum is not in the mutual recognition, the summun bonum is the 'end' to which creation is directed, and for man is met now in the coincidence of human will and the divine will, and in the end in the coming to fruition of the Kosmos in the fullness of time.

Hi Thomas. I don't think that's quite an accurate rendering of doctrine. Here's Aquinas:
Our Lord said (John 17:3): "This is eternal life: that they may know Thee, the only true God." Now eternal life is the last end, as stated above (02, ad 1). Therefore man's happiness consists in the knowledge of God, which is an act of the intellect.
I answer that, As stated above (Question 2, Article 6) two things are needed for happiness: one, which is the essence of happiness: the other, that is, as it were, its proper accident, i.e. the delight connected with it. I say, then, that as to the very essence of happiness, it is impossible for it to consist in an act of the will.
In other words, the conformity of human will to Divine Will would appear not to be an essential condition for the summon bonum. Rather, knowledge of G-d appears as the source of the highest happiness.

Unless I'm mistaken, Aquinas seems to be alligned with Aristotle's eudemonics.

Aquinas' position taken at face value seems to suggest that "obedience" has only secondary theological significance in relation to the summon bonum.
 
Hi Devadatta —

For me, as for you I trust, experience trumps doctrine.

No, I tend to side with Prof. Huston Smith, who referred to the world's religions as "the winnowed wisdom of the human race."

When I read Scripture, informed by Tradition, I am obliged to acknowledge a breadth of knowledge, wisdom and experience greater than mine own.

Thomas
 
Hi Netti-Netti —

If it's between me and the Doctor Angelicus, then I go with the Doctor, every time!

Again I can only speak in a Catholic context, but it seems evident to me that the world has knowledge of God, but finds no happiness therein — it certainly seems to follow a different course in the pursuit of happiness!

The 'knowledge of God' in the Catholic sense is its gnosis, one of being, not of knowledge per se.

I was arguing, perhaps not very ably, from Aquinas myself —

"... we must observe that since habits are known by their acts, and acts by their objects, faith, being a habitus, should be defined by its proper act in relation to its proper object. Now the act of faith is to believe, as stated above (2, 2,3), which is an act of the intellect determinate to one object of the will's command. Hence an act of faith is related both to the object of the will, i.e. to the good and the end, and to the object of the intellect, i.e. to the true."
ST II-II, q4, a1.

Thomas
 
The 'knowledge of God' in the Catholic sense is its gnosis, one of being, not of knowledge per se.
It seems the Catholic Church maintains that faith is a form of knowledge. From the Catholic Encyclopedia:
(T)here is a twofold order of knowledge....(T)hese two orders are distinguished from one another not only in their principle but in their object; in one we know by natural reason, in the other by Divine faith.
CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Faith


(I)t seems evident to me that the world has knowledge of God, but finds no happiness therein — it certainly seems to follow a different course in the pursuit of happiness!
Mankind's very imperfect knowledge of G-d would explain mankind's very imperfect happiness. It may well be true that The Fall did not cause humankind to lose the virtue of love entirely. But certainly it is also true that this virtue will never be fully regained even with the help of the Holy Spirit.

An attitude of humility and repentance should prevail at all times because our knowledge of G-d is by its very nature tragically limited. Realistically, every understanding we presume to have of G-d is impaired by sin.

There are several responses to the situation. One is a self-mockery that signifies a self-conscious appreciation for the fact that all understandings we can have of the Divine are going to be imperfect. It amounts to "Why bother to aspire to perfection when it's not doable anyway?"

Sometimes we see another form of mockery, although this one is not usually self-conscious. In fact, it's often blind, involving a false idealization of the human capacity to know and love G-d - i.e., the Pharisee self-adulation and presumption that externalist piety can accomplish righteousness. I'm thinking this is what's going on with some fundamentalists and religious fanatics. It's not that their Heart chakra is overflowing with love. It's that they identify superficial outwardness with what it is to be religious. A state of mental confusion?

Thank you for this meditation. Thomas.
 
Hi Devadatta —



No, I tend to side with Prof. Huston Smith, who referred to the world's religions as "the winnowed wisdom of the human race."

When I read Scripture, informed by Tradition, I am obliged to acknowledge a breadth of knowledge, wisdom and experience greater than mine own.Thomas

"So, as I said, Kalamas: 'Don't go by reports, by legends, by traditions, by scripture, by logical conjecture, by inference, by analogies, by agreement through pondering views, by probability, or by the thought, "This contemplative is our teacher." When you know for yourselves that, "These qualities are unskillful; these qualities are blameworthy; these qualities are criticized by the wise; these qualities, when adopted & carried out, lead to harm & to suffering" — then you should abandon them.' Thus was it said. And in reference to this was it said. AN 3.65: Kalama Sutta

Hi Thomas. Your vast understatement brought me back one more time. You Thomists are so clever!

The quote from the Buddhist Kalama Sutta fairly represents my perspective on this question of authority. Notice that it’s not saying that the truth depends purely on one’s personal intuition, and also that it takes the counsel of “the wise” into account. But the gist here is that one should not follow authority simply on principle, or expect to purely rationalize one’s way to the truth. Truth must be tested in one’s own experience: there’s no other site finally to resolve these questions except on that experiential testing ground.

So I would disagree with the way you appeal to authority – but perhaps your true attitude on this is more nuanced than you present here.

As for your quote from Huston Smith, the winnowed wisdom of the human race includes considerably more than Catholic theology. I know that Mr. Smith was fairly eclectic in his practice. Maybe you are too; I obviously don’t know. But here you’ve shown little inclination to acknowledge any winnowed wisdom that doesn’t conform to your preferred tradition. I can’t help thinking that in quoting Huston Smith you were being ironic.

Turning from the homely truths of the Suttapitaka to the intricacies of the angelic doctor, I don’t have the chutzpah of our friend Netti Netti, so I won’t follow you into those woods. I have no idea of your depth of scholarship in this area, but I do know that mine is superficial. I wouldn’t bother arguing the good Doctor or evaluating your use of him until I’d spent much more time on his case. If that ever happens, perhaps I’ll get back to you. On the other hand, we already know that my (mis)reading would be opposed to yours, so a discussion would only have value as an entertainment. Each of us will see his own reflection in the pool. (BTW, when monotheists have these inconclusive theological debates is it really precisely for that, for entertainment, or out of boredom?)

Hope that God still has you speeding, and that you go under the radar.

Shanti.
 
In other words, the conformity of human will to Divine Will would appear not to be an essential condition for the summon bonum. Rather, knowledge of G-d appears as the source of the highest happiness.

Unless I'm mistaken, Aquinas seems to be alligned with Aristotle's eudemonics.

Aquinas' position taken at face value seems to suggest that "obedience" has only secondary theological significance in relation to the summon bonum.

Hi Not This, How About That, Nor the Other!

As I said to Thomas I don’t consider myself properly equipped for a walk in the woods with the Angelic Doctor. But I’d like to respond briefly to what you’re saying here.

Part of the pleasure I’ve had on occasionally reading Aquinas is that while he presents intricate arguments they’re presented in an atmosphere of such gentleness and serenity, far removed from the usual Sturm und Drang and coercions of Christian dogmatics (here I’m bracketing his justifications for the inquisition, which I’m only aware of at second hand but haven’t read in the original).

So notwithstanding the complex questions of habit, will, faith, gnosis, the whole tenor of Aquinas (of what I’ve read at least, only a snapshot) for me falls not on the side of the thundering Will of some evangelists but on the side of knowledge, and of knowledge rooted in experience.

And like Leonard Cohen in Bird on the Wire, let me apologize again for all that I have done wrong.

Cheers, Shanti, etc.
 
Hi Devadatta —

The quote from the Buddhist Kalama Sutta fairly represents my perspective on this question of authority.
I can respect that.

So I would disagree with the way you appeal to authority
I can respect that, too. I would hope however, in respect of my perspective, you would understand the basis for my appeal. To me it is reasonable and logical ...

I could offer why I think the Buddhist doctrine came to that conclusion, but another voice reminds me that there are probably Buddhist 'theologians' (?) who could run rings round me ... and if I fully understood the depths implicit in the text...

... in another area I am working towards sorting out the problems between the Latin West and Greek East (purely amateur, you understand!) ... some of their theology seems very threadbare to me, but I temper myself with the thought that if the error seems that obvious, then I've probably got it wrong.

I don't know it you're at all aware of English political history, but the 'Irish Question' loomed large for generations ... and the classic comment was, "If you think you've got the answer, you patently don't understand the question."

the winnowed wisdom of the human race includes considerably more than Catholic theology.
Oh, absolutely. And I just wish we'd actually take on board a little more of the wisdom we've got!

I know that Mr. Smith was fairly eclectic in his practice.
I was in my day ... but have settled now. For a while, my guiding lights were Sufi, a certain epiphany was at the hands of a Tibetan Buddhist ... I think of them with fondness and huge respect, but I also see where sometimes they have erred, with regard to the nuances of Christianity ...

But here you’ve shown little inclination to acknowledge any winnowed wisdom that doesn’t conform to your preferred tradition.
I'm sorry if I appear that way ... perhaps I am a little too forthright in my criticism.

The way I see it, the sacra doctrina of the Great Traditions belongs to the community from which it springs ... it shapes them, and it is shaped by them, and that is all part of the commentary upon tradition. The most insight, the most luminescence, is from within ... it is connected to the source from which it springs.

Perhaps I'm being over-respectful of Tradition ... I seek the meaning of texts among the community to whom that text was made known ... to try and appreciate their knowing of it.

I have been unfair with you, but here, and elsewhere, I have been informed about what my religion means by people who haven't the slightest clue or insight into its depths and its truths — and I think you do possess insight. I'm not saying you don't appreciate Genesis, nor that you have nothing to say on the matter ... but when someone seeks to tell me what my Tradition obviously, inescapably and necessarily means ... and presents an image of its Deity as an irrational and irascible tyrant, I think I am in my rights to say, "No ... I think you might've got the wrong end of the stick there."

I'm not saying your model of the human psyche is wrong, simply that it won't accurately explain my model, without introducing contradiction. I'm saying the models are different.

I am not, as much as it probably seems, trying to offend you here, simply stating that Christianity, or the Genesis story, might appear to you a certain way, and I can understand, accept and respect that ... but if you seek to tell me I should see it that way too, because you have the truth of it ...

It's not that I don't respect you, or indeed 'where you are coming from' ... it's just I suppose I'd rather that if you're telling me you're from where my Scripture's coming from, and here's where it went wrong ... then I'm going to query you if I think you've got it wrong.

... Turning from the homely truths of the Suttapitaka to the intricacies of the angelic doctor, I don’t have the chutzpah of our friend Netti Netti, so I won’t follow you into those woods...
That's precisely my point ... if you're going to explain Christianity, or its errors and omissions, you really need to have walked the woods ...

I have no idea of your depth of scholarship in this area, but I do know that mine is superficial.
Mine is very shallow...

I wouldn’t bother arguing the good Doctor or evaluating your use of him until I’d spent much more time on his case. If that ever happens, perhaps I’ll get back to you.
And welcome! But rest assured, he's pretty good.

I was once told I should learn to think for myself, and that St Thomas was 'a moron'. Suffice to say that conversation didn't go much further.

I'd much rather talk with you about 'your' thing, than you talk to me about mine.

Hope that God still has you speeding, and that you go under the radar.

If only ... sadly we Catholics were told from a very young age that He can ping us wherever we are, whatever we're doing ... there's no hiding ... I'm blushing even as I write!

Pax tecum,

Thomas
 
I can fully appreciate how one might assume that from an uninformed reading Scripture, but then if one is going to understand a text, then one must seek to understand what the scribe intended, not one's own opinion on the matter. Without the guidance of traditional commentary, one is really in the dark.
I was raised a Catholic and am not convinced of the importance of "the guidance of traditional commentary." I attended Catholic catechism classes. To my way of thinking they were simply Bible readings.

Tradition includes certain doctrinal beliefs like the divinity of Christ as well as procedural guidelines for Anointing the Sick, the order of various parts of the mass, kneeling and standing conventions, confessional practices, eucharistic ritual, latin text, and priests wearing different color vestments on various ocassions. It would probably also include organizational aspects like the pope being the head of the church and excluding women from the priesthood.

I suppose one could also include in "tradition" holidays like Ash Wednesday along with a number of obscure ones that even devout Catholics don't pay any attention to. But no matter how broadly we construe "tradition," I fail see what relevance it has to the study of scripture in general or in relation to an exploration of theological concepts like obedience to G-d.

I think it would be fair to say that tradition refers to applications of faith rather than theology. The notion of the New Covenant in Christ seems key, but is there actually a Catholic "tradition" on that subject? If so, how is it different from what the Bible says?


It should be noted that Scripture was never meant to stand alone, or be read uninstructed ... quite the reverse
I don't totally agree. There is nothing wrong with disciples interacting on the text, but the notion of an authoritative version of what the text means based on the instruction of certain "authorities" who presumably have a monopoly on "the right reading" is a virtual logical impossibility given the ambiguities inherent in the various translations we have available to us.

Btw, Jesus chose ordinary men to be his disciples, not a bunch of hotshot scholars or professional theologians who presumably knew more than the average person.

The Bible becoming available in the language of the common man was the solution to obscurantist efforts on the part of certain institutions to control the scriptures. I see no reason to pretend this milstone development never happened and allow the religious meaning of the scriptures to be held captive by institutions again.
 
The way I see it, the sacra doctrina of the Great Traditions belongs to the community from which it springs ... it shapes them, and it is shaped by them, and that is all part of the commentary upon tradition. The most insight, the most luminescence, is from within ... it is connected to the source from which it springs.

Perhaps I'm being over-respectful of Tradition ... I seek the meaning of texts among the community to whom that text was made known ... to try and appreciate their knowing of it.

I have been unfair with you, but here, and elsewhere, I have been informed about what my religion means by people who haven't the slightest clue or insight into its depths and its truths — and I think you do possess insight. I'm not saying you don't appreciate Genesis, nor that you have nothing to say on the matter ... but when someone seeks to tell me what my Tradition obviously, inescapably and necessarily means ... and presents an image of its Deity as an irrational and irascible tyrant, I think I am in my rights to say, "No ... I think you might've got the wrong end of the stick there."

I'm not saying your model of the human psyche is wrong, simply that it won't accurately explain my model, without introducing contradiction. I'm saying the models are different.

I am not, as much as it probably seems, trying to offend you here, simply stating that Christianity, or the Genesis story, might appear to you a certain way, and I can understand, accept and respect that ... but if you seek to tell me I should see it that way too, because you have the truth of it ...

It's not that I don't respect you, or indeed 'where you are coming from' ... it's just I suppose I'd rather that if you're telling me you're from where my Scripture's coming from, and here's where it went wrong ... then I'm going to query you if I think you've got it wrong.Thomas



Thanks Thomas for this very gentlemanly reply. It may seem sometimes that I love provoking people just for the fun of it, but my provocations really are based in sincere feeling. I genuinely hate leaving behind any harsh feelings, so I’m glad you’ve taken this in stride.

Like Dante, we’re always entering into one dark wood or another, and seem always to be at the mid-point of our lives. Time is short, however, so we have to choose our woods wisely!

But returning to the idea of different perspectives – not wanting to beat the “woods” analogy into the ground! – I think again that it’s a question of negotiation, of finding fruitful ways for different perspectives to interact. When one legitimate perspective simply tries to dominate another – or is perceived to be doing so – then we have the kind of discordance and consequent noise you’ve referred to.

Now, in the present case my perspective is basically the history of the “cult of obedience” in the Western tradition; while yours, if you’ll allow me, are the foundations of your faith: scripture, tradition and church. Of course, these aren’t commensurate perspectives – a commensurate perspective on my part might be the Buddha, the Dharma and the Sangha, if I were a Buddhist, which I’m not. But perspectives don’t have to be commensurate to interact fruitfully with one another, and my little potted history of the cult of obedience does touch on your perspective at various points.

So that would explain that while Thomistic theology is certainly interesting in itself, it’s not something I’m likely to go very deeply into; first, because it’s not part of my faith; second, because I’m not specifically addressing Thomistic or even Christian theology, but the larger historical context of their evolution. By definition, this is an outside perspective which is not going to find the resolutions in Thomistic theology that you may very well find, from your inside perspective. So quite legitimately you can explain your perspective with the equipment of Thomistic theology, but a theological debate in these circumstances doesn’t make a lot of sense.

Similarly, from my perspective, I can offer a kind of narrative that touches on Christianity and some of its players, based on less esoteric common knowledge and history, all of which will carry with it presuppositions, critique and no doubt some error, but it would hardly make sense for me to debate either Christian theology as such or especially how Christians should respond to the facts, theories or opinions I present.

In that spirit, I offer a concluding rehash of my perspective, in more or less point form, just to save some time and space:

That an emblematic cult of obedience was worked out in the earliest civilizations of the Middle East, that this cult was a natural outgrowth of those pre-industrial societies’ needs for organization and manpower; that these societies as we know were pyramidal, in their monuments or socially or both; that their monuments were cosmically oriented as crossing points of spiritual and Earthly power, at the peak of which rulers and gods were nearly interchangeable; that the standard condition of ordinary human beings was servitude; that this was the birth of ideology, the rationalization of power, “false consciousness”, but in the incremental, nearly static sense, not the modern, dynamic sense; that the Abrahamic tradition represents a decisive revolt against this oppression through the brilliant innovation of transposing the cult of obedience from Earthly rulers to an idealized, moralized, spiritualized ultimate ruler, the one God; but that the language and conceptual order of the cult of obedience was retained and remained a troublesome if necessary? theme in Torah/Tanakh; that Jesus and no doubt other radical Jewish preachers offered transformation of this rhetorical/conceptual frame, discernable in the Gospels despite later orthodox/Pauline redactors; that Paul rebooted the cult of obedience by identifying it with faith, and with his coercive doctrine of original sin; that Paul’s work led to a new stage of a more dynamic ideology in the creeds and finally in the imperial religion of Constantine; that during the Middle Ages the Christian ideology and cult of obedience for all its faults was fortunately adulterated, corrupted, humanized, Marionized, even pluralized to some extent; that the Reformation in its first waves while ostensibly in the cause of freedom and in the Abrahamic tradition of revolt against false idols was undone by its adherence to the framework of the cult of obedience; that it helped turn Christianity toward more purely ideological formulations; that the excesses of Protestantism, it’s iconoclasm, desecrations of alters and fonts, etc., its Taliban like phases in cities like Geneva introduced the beginnings of dynamic ideology in the modern sense; that in the following religious wars and revolutions Christian ideology was definitively secularized; that the cult of obedience lived on through modern secular ideologies; that modern revolutions almost always re-establish oppression under other names not just out of some vague “human nature” but from the continuing influence of the cult of obedience; that modern Christianities are profoundly splintered and a major fault line is set around the cult of obedience; that fundamentalist and conservative Christians constantly and clearly proclaim the cult of obedience, while more liberal sects tend to merely slide away from it, which puts the liberal sects at a decided disadvantage; that in many other sects not necessarily described as liberal the cult of obedience is essentially abrogated by more experiential modes of worship built around a direct relationship with God, of taking Jesus in one’s heart, as friend, as companion; that it’s impossible to know what new forms Christianity will take, whether or how it will survive the century, but an outsider might ask: how relevant does the cult of obedience remain? Is it as it appears to be a barrier to interfaith dialogue? Is it truly intrinsic to the faith? Alternatively, what place should it have in future Christianities? And how do Christians negotiate this problem?

Now, I don’t know that there’s anything in there you want to respond to, correct, take issue with, laugh at – but feel free. Again, it’s just the nutshell of an outside perspective that I hope is in some way constructive.

Thanks again for your indulgence.

Cheers, Shanti, etc.
 
OK, you've figured it out. The dark chocolate covered almonds were a sexist Zen stick, but the almond croissant and strong coffee was a token of my appreciation for a readily forgiving spirit. :rolleyes:
The tongue is full of buttons. :D

The word bribe was purposely misplaced... sorry... I think I should have used the word 'buttons'.
 
Hi Netti-Netti —

I was raised a Catholic and am not convinced of the importance of "the guidance of traditional commentary." I attended Catholic catechism classes. To my way of thinking they were simply Bible readings.
My experience was the same. I hope that is changing.

Tradition includes certain doctrinal beliefs like the divinity of Christ as well as procedural guidelines for Anointing the Sick, the order of various parts of the mass, kneeling and standing conventions, confessional practices, eucharistic ritual, latin text, and priests wearing different color vestments on various ocassions. It would probably also include organizational aspects like the pope being the head of the church and excluding women from the priesthood.
Yes it would. But there is a difference between Tradition, and the traditions of the Church. Conventions can and do change.

I suppose one could also include in "tradition" holidays like Ash Wednesday along with a number of obscure ones that even devout Catholics don't pay any attention to. But no matter how broadly we construe "tradition," I fail see what relevance it has to the study of scripture in general or in relation to an exploration of theological concepts like obedience to G-d.
Because Tradition gives rise to Scripture, not the other way round. The Church was in existence, as a Liturgical and Sacramental institution, before the Gospels were written. To study Scripture without Tradition results in the sola scriptura of today ... where anyone can claim Christ to be anything they assume.

St John's Gospel, in that sense, was a commentary on the Tradition — that is why it differs so markedly from the Synoptics.

I think it would be fair to say that tradition refers to applications of faith rather than theology. The notion of the New Covenant in Christ seems key, but is there actually a Catholic "tradition" on that subject? If so, how is it different from what the Bible says?
There is ... and it isn't.

Theology is the understanding of Tradition, as well as Scripture.

I don't totally agree. There is nothing wrong with disciples interacting on the text, but the notion of an authoritative version of what the text means based on the instruction of certain "authorities" who presumably have a monopoly on "the right reading" is a virtual logical impossibility given the ambiguities inherent in the various translations we have available to us.
Then there is nothing certain in Scripture at all ... for it is amply evident that the text can be made to say anything one wants it to say.

Btw, Jesus chose ordinary men to be his disciples, not a bunch of hotshot scholars or professional theologians who presumably knew more than the average person.
Actually, we're pretty sure that St John was a mover among the upper echelons of the Jewish authorities, and was a theologian who indeed knew way more than the average person.

Likewise the final redactor of St Matthew (a literary genius, besides all else), and St Luke was no slouch. St Mark is the odd one out, on that line.

The author of The Letter to the Hebrews, whoever he might be, was another educated genius.

And don't forget the activity of the Holy Spirit.

Dei Verbum covers the ground in great detail.

The Bible becoming available in the language of the common man was the solution to obscurantist efforts on the part of certain institutions to control the scriptures. I see no reason to pretend this milstone development never happened and allow the religious meaning of the scriptures to be held captive by institutions again.
I think that's a popular historical fallacy. The fact is that those same Protestant institutions who made the Bible available to all, burnt at the stake anyone who chose a different interpretation to the one they held, and in some cases prosectuted their cause with a greater vigour than the institution from whom they had supposedly freed the people.

Thomas
 
I think that's a popular historical fallacy. The fact is that those same Protestant institutions who made the Bible available to all, burnt at the stake anyone who chose a different interpretation to the one they held, and in some cases prosectuted their cause with a greater vigour than the institution from whom they had supposedly freed the people.
Thomas

Yeah we all have our faults... John Wycliffe did something, the Catholics should have done on their own though...


"This Bible is for the government of the people, by the people and for the people'" - J Wycliffe (1330ish - 1384.)

In my oinion if you believe this is the scriptures of god and are for mankind to follow and learn and understand, then put it in their native tongue... Seeing it was to begin with in Hebrew... And then changed to Latin.... Means it wasn't impossible to change to English or any other language... god has a universal language... (Like with Islam and some Muslims believing the Qu'ran -has- to be in Arabic or it won't "work" or something lol..... I am sure that there would be a belife like this with Judaism also (Torah - Hebrew), maybe, not sure on that one lol.) But you will laways have extremists... The Creator, it can hear you no matter what language you speak, so you should also be allowed to hear the Creator.

To try and hold a dead language on it, that only a selected few could read... Is a way to sit in the pulpitt and be able to manipulate and use the cogregation (sp I know...) as puppets....
 
Thomas said:
Netti-Netti said:
The Bible becoming available in the language of the common man was the solution to obscurantist efforts on the part of certain institutions to control the scriptures. I see no reason to pretend this milstone development never happened and allow the religious meaning of the scriptures to be held captive by institutions again.

I think that's a popular historical fallacy. The fact is that those same Protestant institutions who made the Bible available to all, burnt at the stake anyone who chose a different interpretation to the one they held, and in some cases prosectuted their cause with a greater vigour than the institution from whom they had supposedly freed the people.
You'd think that we'd have learned the lesson of Cain and Abel by now, with the increasing curses and counter-curses it lead to.
 
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