So how does one tell?
Is there a clear reading of scripture on every doctrine, that dissenters are merely ignoring?
Or do they in fact have plausible counterarguments?
This is precisely why I use Science, Biology, Physics, Quantum Mechanics, Human Anatomy etc. as a type of error correcting code to verify the different claims out there and to find the deeper meanings in Scripture. The Bible actually teaches us to do this. Unfortunately, most do not follow the instructions.
Because I have followed the instructions, I am able to see light years ahead of the average Bible Student. Once all of the lies, mistakes, disinfo, misinfo, etc. are taken out the equation using the prescribed method, Truth can be found with relative ease.
So, to answer your question, yes there is a clear reading. It is called the literal interpretation. Sadly, most are taught to ignore the literal interpretation because it goes against established dogma.
Genesis 2:17 is a perfect example. Christians are told to change the words to make the verse say something it does not. It just gets worse from there. As far as I know, I am the only person on the planet that believes the literal interpretation of Genesis 2:17. Yet, I am treated like the Devil himself for believing my Bible.
The bottom line is that there is a Spirit at work keeping folks from finding out what the Bible really teaches. This is a real thing I run into all the time. It is an extremely difficult battle to win.