These debates were addressed within the 
Theosophical movement founded by 
Helena Blavatsky and 
Henry Olcott at the end of the nineteenth century. This philosophy took inspiration from Indian culture, in this case, perhaps, from the Hindu reform movement the 
Arya Samaj founded by 
Swami Dayananda.
 
Blavatsky argued that humanity had descended from a series of "
Root Races", naming the fifth root race (out of seven) the Aryan Race. She thought that the 
Aryans originally came from 
Atlantis and described the Aryan races with the following words:
"The Aryan races, for instance, now varying from dark brown, almost black, red-brown-yellow, down to the whitest creamy colour, are yet all of one and the same stock -- the Fifth 
Root-Race -- and spring from one single progenitor, (...) who is said to have lived over 18,000,000 years ago, and also 850,000 years ago -- at the time of the sinking of the last remnants of the great continent of 
Atlantis."
[21] Blavatsky used "
Root Race" as a technical term to describe human evolution over the large 
time periods in her 
cosmology. 
However, she also claimed that there were modern non-Aryan peoples who were inferior to Aryans.
 
Aryan race - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia