Shias and Sufis (unlike the Salafis and Zahiri), as well as some other Muslim philosophers believe the meaning of the Quran is not restricted to the literal aspect. For them, it is an essential idea that the Quran also has inward aspects. Henry Corbin narrates a hadith that goes back to Muhammad:
"The Quran possesses an external appearance and a hidden depth, an exoteric meaning and an esoteric meaning. This esoteric meaning in turn conceals an esoteric meaning (this depth possesses a depth, after the image of the celestial Spheres, which are enclosed within each other). So it goes on for seven esoteric meanings (seven depths of hidden depth). (Corbin, Henry, History of Islamic Philosophy. Trans Philip Sherrard, Kegan Paul International in association with Islamic Publications for The Institute of Ismaili Studies. ISBN 978-0-7103-0416-2.)
Hebrew and Christian commentaries say the same – Jews and Christians share a similar 'Fourfold Sense of Scripture' – the literal, and the spiritual senses. The spiritual senses do not invalidate or abrogate the literal, nor is the believer required to understand the deeper meanings, following the literal word suffices for salvation.
Where fundamentalism or literalism comes into play is the insistence that there is only one, literal meaning, and that is the way they interpret the text. Scripture counters this with the many statements about the 'eye of the heart' and the intransigence of the people.
Thus when Jesus says "I am the way, the truth and the life' (John 14:6), "I and the Father are one" (John 10:30), "Jesus saith to him: Have I been so long a time with you; and have you not known me? Philip, he that seeth me seeth the Father also. How sayest thou, shew us the Father? Do you not believe, that I am in the Father, and the Father in me? The words that I speak to you, I speak not of myself. But the Father who abideth in me, he doth the works."
People rationalise these texts – and Jesus words on the Holy Spirit – to mean what they perceive it to mean, and insist that their entirely subjective interpretation is the only possible meaning.